意大利佛罗伦萨
佛罗伦萨是意大利中部城市，托斯卡纳区首府。位于亚平宁山脉中段西麓盆地中。阿诺河横贯市内，两岸跨有7座桥梁。人口44.4万（1982）。十五至十六世纪时是欧洲最著名的艺术中心，以美术工艺品和纺织品驰名全欧。1865-1871年曾为意大利统一后的临时首都。工业以玻璃器皿、陶瓷、高级服装、皮革为主。金银细工、艺术复制品等工艺品亦很有名。是连接意大利北部与南部铁路、公路网的交通枢纽。欧洲文艺复兴运动的发祥地，举世闻名的文化旅游胜地。市区仍保持古罗马时期的格局。多中世纪建筑艺术。全市有40多个博物馆和美术馆，乌菲齐和皮提美术馆举世闻名，意大利绘画精华荟萃于此。文化中心，有大学，还有艺术、文学、科学研究院与图书馆等。
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